NANOTECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS

Abstract

Nanotechnology and Applications introduces the fundamental principles of nanoscience and nanotechnology, focusing on the synthesis, characterization, properties, and applications of nanomaterials. The course covers various classes of nanomaterials, including nanoparticles, nanowires, nanotubes, thin films, and two-dimensional materials, together with their size-dependent physical, chemical, optical, electrical, and mechanical properties. Common fabrication techniques such as sol–gel processing, hydrothermal synthesis, chemical and physical vapor deposition, and lithography are discussed alongside advanced characterization methods including XRD, SEM, TEM, AFM, Raman spectroscopy, and XPS. The course also explores emerging applications of nanotechnology in electronics, energy conversion and storage, environmental remediation, catalysis, sensing, and biomedicine. Emphasis is placed on the relationship between nanostructure, processing, and material performance, as well as current research trends and industrial applications.